Use Excel’s Data Validation (List or Decimal) + Named Ranges (e.g., Q_gas ) so formulas read =Q_gas * rho_gas .

The most effective spreadsheets typically follow the U.S. EPA Air Pollution Control Cost Manual or standard chemical engineering correlations.

A tall column is useless if the packing isn’t wet. Calculate:

Derived/calculated values (formulas shown in Excel style):

Use =ROUNDUP(Diameter,1) to standardize to nearest 6-inch increment.

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Perform a sensitivity analysis to determine the effect of changing operating conditions on the scrubber's performance.