| Challenge | Description | |-----------|-------------| | | Son preference, restrictions on mobility, and early marriage pressure. | | Safety and Violence | High rates of domestic violence (29% of married women report physical/sexual violence – NFHS-5), sexual harassment, and low reporting due to stigma. | | Workplace Inequality | Women earn 20-35% less than men for similar roles. Underrepresentation in senior leadership. | | Health | High anemia, low access to menstrual hygiene, and poor maternal health in rural areas. | | Unpaid Care Burden | Women spend 7.2 hours daily on unpaid domestic work vs. 2.8 hours for men (Time Use Survey, 2019). |
Implementation remains weak, but legal awareness is rising via NGOs and media.